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Anatomy of the root of the neck, prevertebral region, paravertebral region, scalenus anterior, scalene triangle, Scalenovertebral triangle, subclavian artery, brachiocephalic trunk, apex of lung. This is an animated lecture on the origin, insertion, course, and actions of muscles in the vertebral regions of the neck such as Rectus capitis anterior, rectus capitis lateralis, longus colli or cervicis, longus capitis, scalenus medius and scalenus posterior.

Study Material of Structures in the Pre-and Paravertebral Regions

Suboccipital region and posterior skull. The suboccipital region has been dissected bilaterally to demonstrate the muscles that form the suboccipital triangle: obliquus capitis inferior, obliquus capitis superior, and rectus capitis posterior major. A fourth muscle, rectus capitis posterior minor, is located medial to the triangle on each side. The scalp has been removed from the occipital bone to show the attachment of some of the suboccipital muscles to the inferior nucal line. The vertebral artery is located deep within the suboccipital triangle as it courses along a groove on the posterior arch of the atlas (C1). The occipital artery arises from the external carotid artery on the lateral aspect of the neck and crosses the suboccipital region to supply the posterior scalp

The anterior atlanto-occipital membrane extends from the anterior margin of the foramen magnum above, below to the upper border of the anterior arch of the atlas. Laterally, it is continuous with the anterior part of the capsular ligament, anteriorly it is strengthened by the cord-like anterior longitudinal ligament.